The meaning of the Sokoto jihad; the 1804 jihad in Hausa land as a revolution; the transformation of political communities: some notes on a significant dimension of the Sokoto jihad; distribution of trading centers in the Central Sudan in the 18th and 19th centuries; a survey of the economy of the Eastern Emirates of the Sokoto caliphate in the 19th century; aspects of an urban phenomenon: Sokoto and its hinterland to c. 1850; urbanisation in the Sokoto caliphate: a case study of Gusau and Kaura-namoda; some reflections on the literature of the jihad and the caliphate; contributions of the Sokoto jihad leaders to Quranic studies; the significance of the Shehu’s sermons and poems in Ajami; an elementary study of the fiqh of Dan Fodio; the contemporary significance of the academic ideals of the Sokoto jihad; the force of religion in the conduct of political affairs and interpersonal relations in Borno and Sokoto; the position of Gwandu in the Sokoto caliphate; the Emirates and the central government: the case of Kano-Sokoto relations; Sokoto and her provinces: some reflections on the case of Adamawa; “Kalfu" or the Fulbe emirate of Bagirmi and the Toorobbe of Sokoto; the diplomatic relations of the Sokoto caliphate: some thoughts and a plea; Adar. The Touareg and Sokoto: relations of Sokoto with the Hausawa and Touareg during the nineteenth century; diplomatic relations in early 19th century west Africa: Sokoto-Matsina-Azaouad correspondence; the relationship between the Sokoto jihad and the jihad of Al-hajj Umar: a new assessment; the relationship between the Sokoto caliphate and the non-Muslim people of the middle Benue region; a contribution to the biography of the Shaykh Usman mentioning the various places where he lived; Uthman Dan Fodio: the Mujaddid of West Africa; speech by His Excellency, the military governor of the North-Western state, Alhaji Usman Faruk, assistant commissioner of police at the opening of the seminar Sokoto. Monday 6th January, 1975